Face-to-face , second term, 15 hours of theory.

French

This course intends to revisit the previous European unifications and also aims to analyse the implications of the re-nationalisation of the European landscape since 1989. The course aims to provide students with the reading and analysis tools to decipher what provides the long-term foundations and structure of Europe today.

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While the European construction has undergone a series of failures, the very existence of the European Union requires a rethinking of its near and distant past. Yet, in the past, Europe has twice been unified: the first time around the religious factor, the second time around a cultural factor. This second unification (eighteenth century) was the victim of the democratic and national movements consecutive to the French Revolution (1789). The two world wars broke the economic unification driven by the rise of mechanisation and industrialisation (nineteenth century). The third European unification that since the 1950's is precisely intended to curb nationalism is currently at a crossroads.

Through this course, we follow the teachings of the historian Fernand Braudel - the long-term, very long-term historian - who, in his Grammar of Civilisations, Paris, Flammarion, réed. 1993 (Champs) succeeded in highlighting the factors which determine the existence of European societies. In this way we will establish, by the confrontation with examples from outside Europe, the specifics of European evolution.

Chapter I - Definitions (Culture and Civilisation)
Chapter II - Christianity (the weight of Religion)
Chapter III - Freedom (from individuals to the voices of Nations)
Chapter IV - Supremacy and Concerns (Europe at a crossroads)

Lecture

Dissertation.

Braudel F., Grammaire des civilisations, Paris, Flammarion, rééd. 1993 (Champs).
Boia L., L'Occident. Une interprétation historique, Paris, Les Belles Lettres, 2007.
Pomian K., L'Europe et ses nations, Paris, Gallimard, 1990 (Le débat).

Course given alternatively. 2015-2016 : Elie Barnavi. 2016-2017 : Vincent Dujardin.